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Chaironeia (Chaeronea)

Chaironeia (Chaeronea) is a historic village in Boeotia, today administratively part of the Municipality of Livadeia. It is built at an altitude of 130 meters, in the fertile valley of the Boeotian Cephissus River, and lies approximately 38 km from Arachova. Until 1928, the village was known as Kapraina, a name derived from the abundance of wild boars (kaproi) in the area.

In antiquity, the city was known as Arne, named after the daughter of Aeolus, according to the traveler Pausanias. Its later name, Chaironeia, comes from the hero Chaeron, a skilled horse trainer, son of Apollo and Therô, as mentioned by the Boeotian poet Hesiod.

Chaironeia occupies the site of the ancient Boeotian city of Chaeronea, where important remains survive, including buildings and the ancient theater. The village is world-famous for the Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC), where Philip II of Macedon defeated the combined forces of Thebes and Athens. Chaironeia is also the birthplace of the renowned ancient writer and philosopher Plutarch.


Ancient stone statue of the Lion of Chaeronea close up

What to Visit in Chaironeia

  • The Lion of Chaeronea
    A marble monument erected by the Thebans in honor of the fallen warriors of the Sacred Band of Thebes, who were buried on this site after the battle of 338 BC. It is the most iconic historical symbol of Boeotia.
  • Archaeological Museum of Chaeronea, featuring:
    • Neolithic finds, including a clay model of a house and a female figurine with geometric decoration
    • Weapons and artifacts from the Battle of Chaeronea
    • Grave goods from the necropolises of Chaeronea, Agios Vlasios, and Livadeia
  • Ancient Theater of Chaeronea
    Located at the foothills of Petrachos Hill, remarkable because its entire seating area is carved directly into a single rock formation.
  • Acropolis of Chaeronea
    Built along five successive rocky ridges of Mount Petrachos. Remains of towers, walls, and corridors survive, some rising up to 2–3 meters high. A small cave on the acropolis is traditionally believed to have been a place where Plutarch wrote his works.
    Roman Baths, on the western side of the village
  • Monastery of Lykoressi
    Located 3 km southeast of Chaeronea, in the gorge of the small river Aemonas. Dating to the 15th century, it played a role in the Greek War of Independence, as Athanasios Diakos set out from here in 1821 to liberate Livadeia. Today it houses a library, conference center, and an ecological farm.
  • Rangavis Tower
    A historic tower once belonging to the distinguished Rangavis family, notable for its cultural and political contributions in modern Greek history.