Chaironeia (Chaeronea)
Chaironeia (Chaeronea) is a historic village in Boeotia, today administratively part of the Municipality of Livadeia. It is built at an altitude of 130 meters, in the fertile valley of the Boeotian Cephissus River, and lies approximately 38 km from Arachova. Until 1928, the village was known as Kapraina, a name derived from the abundance of wild boars (kaproi) in the area.
In antiquity, the city was known as Arne, named after the daughter of Aeolus, according to the traveler Pausanias. Its later name, Chaironeia, comes from the hero Chaeron, a skilled horse trainer, son of Apollo and Therô, as mentioned by the Boeotian poet Hesiod.
Chaironeia occupies the site of the ancient Boeotian city of Chaeronea, where important remains survive, including buildings and the ancient theater. The village is world-famous for the Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC), where Philip II of Macedon defeated the combined forces of Thebes and Athens. Chaironeia is also the birthplace of the renowned ancient writer and philosopher Plutarch.